When to Replace your Tires: All You Need To Know

"When To Replace Your Tires: All You Need To Know"

You’ve probably heard a friend or relative tell you that tires should be changed regularly – perhaps every 3 years, or maybe after every 30,000km of mileage covered. Though this might seem logical, it’s untrue that your tires need to be replaced at a fixed time or mileage interval!

Tire wear depends on multiple factors, including weather, road conditions, and an individual’s driving style, amongst others. Thus, instead of replacing tires using a time- or distance-based scale, the key determining factor that decides if a tire should be replaced is in fact, tread depth.

When replacing your tires, it’s a good idea to have all four tires replaced at the same time. This eliminates any differences in grip between the new and semi-worn tires, which may result in suboptimal handling characteristics that might cause an accident. If it’s unavoidable that you need to replace only two tires, put the new tires on the rear wheels for better traction and stability.

WHAT IS TREAD DEPTH?

Tread depth is the measurement from the base of your tire’s grooves to the surface of your tire.

In a perfect world, where the sun is constantly shining and the roads are always dry, a tire’s tread actually reduces a car’s performance because it has the effect of reducing the contact patch area. However, the world isn’t perfect, with stormy weather and surprise puddles you need to drive through.

Your tire’s tread thus takes on the role of dispersing water from the contact patch, thereby helping the tire grip the road! Without tread, your tire’s ability to grip a wet road becomes severely limited – making it nearly impossible to stop, turn, accelerate, or take a corner.

With a deeper tread depth, such as when your tires are new, they will be able to disperse water most efficiently through the deep drainage channels. As you drive, friction with the road wears down your tires and decreases the depth of the tread, resulting in less optimal water dispersion.

Due to the heightened risk of aquaplaning or hydroplaning when using tires with a low tread depth, Singapore’s Land Transport Authority (LTA) legally requires that all vehicles have a minimum tire tread depth of 1.6mm.

To check if your tire’s tread depth is still within the legal limit, use a tread depth gauge which is available at your local workshop or accessories store. Alternatively, look out for the tread wear indicator bars embedded at the 1.6mm mark – if the tread is flushed with the indicator bars, it’s time for new tires!

WHAT KIND OF TIRE DAMAGE WARRANTS A REPLACEMENT?

In certain conditions where your tire is damaged, you might need to replace your tires prematurely, despite the fact that they still seem to hold pressure.

Your tires can get damaged due to a variety of reasons, and it can happen without you being immediately aware that there’s a problem. For most drivers, the most common types of damage are cuts or tears, and bulges.

Tire cuts or tears are the result of external influences, such as bad road conditions, protruding car bodywork, or sharp foreign objects on the road such as stones or glass. If a tire has been cut or torn, the nylon cords and internal structure of the tire could be compromised.

Tire bulges indicate that the tire’s internal construction has been damaged, which could have been caused by hitting curbs, potholes or road dividers at excessive speed or at the wrong angle. Due to the impact, the tire carcass has been overstressed, causing individual cords to break.

AT WHAT AGE SHOULD MY TIRES BE REPLACED?

Although we mentioned earlier that tires do not need to be replaced by time intervals, there is an exception to the rule, especially if you own a car that’s rarely used, such as an off-peak car (OPC) or classic vehicle.

Unless the tire is unused and stored in a dry location away from sunlight and heat, they will begin to age and oxidize. Oxidization occurs when oxygen reacts with the compounds in the rubber, causing them to harden and become brittle with age.

It’s thus recommended that you replace tires older than ten years old, even if they seem perfectly serviceable. As they get stiff and get brittle, tiny cracks that are barely visible might have formed on the tread and sidewall of the tire, meaning that grip may be significantly reduced.

CAN A TIRE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM (TPMS) TELL ME WHEN MY TIRES NEED CHANGING?

You might’ve heard some people claim that a Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) can alert you when it’s time for new tires – but that’s false.

The purpose of a TPMS is to alert you when your tire pressure goes below a pre-set limit, which could create unsafe driving conditions. If your TPMS light is illuminated, it simply means that the system has detected that your tires could be underinflated or leaking air, and not because they’re due for replacement.